Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED

Makampani opanga mawonekedwe a LED akula kwambiri ndipo tsopano akuwoneka kuti ndi amodzi mwamagawo ofunikira komanso odalirika pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Mikanda ya nyali ya LED ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiriZojambula za LEDzomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti zowonetsera zikuyenda bwino. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino mikanda ya nyali ya LED, ndikofunikira kulingalira ziwerengero zamakampani.

Kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse wa mikanda ya nyali ya LED kukuyembekezeka kukula ndi 9.6%, kufika pa 240.9 miliyoni USD pofika 2028, kuchokera ku 2022. Kukula kwakukuluku kukuwonetsa gawo lofunikira lomwe mikanda ya nyali iyi imagwira pamakampani opanga zowonera za LED.

Ngati mukukonzekera kuyika ndalama pazowonetsera za LED, kumvetsetsa mikanda ya nyali ya LED ndikofunikira. Onetsetsani kuti mufufuzenso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikanda ya LED yomwe ilipo.

Kodi Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED Ndi Chiyani?

Kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la mikanda ya nyali ndi sitepe yoyamba pozindikira udindo womwe zigawozi zimagwira pazithunzi za LED. Mikanda ya nyali ya LED, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti tchipisi ta LED kapena ma emitters, ndi ma semiconductors ang'onoang'ono omwe amatipatsa mphamvuZida za LEDmonga mawonekedwe a LED. Ma semiconductors awa amathandizira ma LED kutulutsa kuwala ndipo amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu monga:

• Arsenic
• Galiyo
• Phosphorous

Mtundu wopangidwa ndi LED umadalira zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu semiconductor. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imakhala yofiira, yachikasu, yobiriwira, ndi yabuluu. Mikanda ya nyali ya LED iyi ndiye chinsinsi cha zowonetsera zowoneka bwino za LED. Amabwera m'mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga:

• Rectangle
• Square
• Kuzungulira
• Pambuyo pake
• Micro
• Pamwamba powala

Mkanda uliwonse wa nyali uli ndi zolumikizira ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zolipiritsa zabwino ndi zoyipa mu semiconductor. Anode imanyamula katundu wabwino, pamene cathode imanyamula zoipa. Mutha kuzizindikira mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro (+) ndi (-) zodindapo.

Mitundu ya Njira Zopangira Mikanda ya LED

Mikanda ya nyali ya LED imakonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zingakhudze momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kuthandizira ku mtundu wa zowonetsera za LED. Nthawi zambiri, amakutidwa ndi cholumikizira kapena lens, zomwe zimalola semiconductor kuwongolera mbali monga kulimba ndi komwe kuwalako. Mikanda ya nyali ya LED nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa aPCB (Bungwe Losindikizidwa Lozungulira).

Njira zodziwika bwino zopangira mikanda ya LED ndi DIP (Phukusi la Direct In-line),SMD (Surface-Mount Diodes),ndiCOB (Chip On Board). Njira iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, mtengo wake, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.

DIP (Phukusi la Direct In-line)

Mikanda ya nyali ya LED yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira ya DIP ikukhala yocheperako pamsika komanso makampani opanga mawonekedwe a LED. Komabe, amaperekabe ubwino ndi makhalidwe angapo:

• Oyenera ntchito panja
• Kuwala kwakukulu
• Kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri
• Mtundu wocheperako wowonera (H/V 120/60 madigiri)

SMD (Surface-Mount Diodes)

Njira yopangira ma SMD ndiyomwe imadziwika kwambiri pakati pa njira zonse za mikanda ya nyali ya LED, makamaka pamakampani opanga ma LED. Zina zodziwika bwino za ma SMD ndi awa:

• Easy ndi yabwino processing
• Mitengo yotsika mtengo
• Wide viewing angle (H/V 120/120 madigiri)
• Zopezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono

COB (Chip On Board)

Pomaliza, Chip On Board (COB) imatanthawuza njira yopangira pomwe mikanda ya nyali ya LED imayikidwa mwachindunji pa bolodi ladera, mosiyana ndi njira yanthawi zonse pomwe tchipisi ta LED timayikidwa pa socket. Njirayi imadziwika ndi izi:

• Glop-top alias
• Kutsekemera koyenera kwa chip
• Kutetezedwa kwa mgwirizano wake

Makhalidwe a Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED

Mukamvetsetsa mikanda ya nyali ya LED, pali zinthu zina zomwe tchipisi tambiri timagawana:

• Chip linear dongosolo
• Opepuka (otsika ngati 1 mg pa LED)
• Pamwamba pakamwa ndi chifunga
• Kuwala kofewa pazenera
• RGB wakuda phukusi

Mikanda ya nyali ya LED vs.

Mikanda ya nyali ya LED ndi ma diode otulutsa kuwala (ma LED) ndi ogwirizana koma zigawo zosiyana, zomwe zimagawana nawo komanso kusiyana kwakukulu. Nayi kufananiza kwa mawonekedwe awo:

Makhalidwe	Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED	Ma diode otulutsa kuwala (LED)
Semiconductor	Inde	Inde
Limbani	Zabwino	Zabwino
Voteji	Kubwerera mmbuyo	Kubwerera mmbuyo
Kuwala	Kuchita bwino kwambiri kowala	M'munsi mwachangu
Kumverera kwa Magetsi	Zambiri zapano	Zochepa tcheru ndi panopa
Mtundu wa Kuyika	Zithunzi za SMD	Pulagi-mu

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED

Mikanda ya nyali ya LED imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazowonetsera za LED chifukwa cha zabwino zambiri zomwe amapereka. Nazi zina mwazabwino zomwe mungayembekezere.

Micro-Spacing
Mikanda ya nyali ya LED imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zowonera zazing'ono zazing'ono za LED, makamaka pazowonetsa zomwe zimafunikira kuwala kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito opanda msoko. Mikanda iyi yayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha micro-spacingm'nyumba zowonetsera za LED.

Kusasinthasintha
Mikanda ya nyali ya LED imapereka kuwala kosasinthasintha, kuyera koyera, ndi milingo ya chromaticity. Mosiyana ndi zowonetsera zina za LED zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa milingo yowala mosiyanasiyana kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mikanda ya nyali zimasunga mawonekedwe pachiwonetsero chonse.

Kuwona Angle-Dependent
Posankha mikanda ya nyali ya LED, mbali yowonera ndiyofunikira kwambiri.Mawonekedwe akunja a LEDamafunikira ngodya yowoneka bwino, kotero mikandayo iyenera kuwunikira bwino kuti igwirizane ndi izi.

Kukula
Kukula kwa chiwonetsero cha LED kumakhudzidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mikanda ya nyali. Ndizoyenera makamaka zowonera zazing'ono, zamkati, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa makhazikitsidwe omwe amafunikira zowonetsera zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino.

Utali wamoyo
Zowonetsera za LED pogwiritsa ntchito mikanda ya nyali zimapangidwa kuti zizikhala nthawi yayitali kuposa zomwe zili ndi mitundu ina ya semiconductors. Zowonetsera izi zimatha kupitilira maola 100,000, zomwe zimapereka kulimba komanso mphamvu chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo amphamvu a PCB.

Mtengo Wolephera
Kulephera kwa mawonedwe a LED okhala ndi mikanda ya nyali ndikotsika kwambiri. Chilema chimodzi mu masauzande a pixels (ofiira, obiriwira, abuluu) amatha kusokoneza mawonekedwe azithunzi, koma mikanda ya nyali imachepetsa kwambiri ngoziyi.

Anti-Static Mphamvu
Mikanda ya nyali ya LED imadziwika chifukwa cha anti-static properties. Popeza ma diode otulutsa kuwala amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi magetsi osasunthika, amatha kulephera. Komabe, kukana kwa mikanda ya nyali kuti ikhale yosasunthika kumachepetsa mwayi wa zolephera zokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe pazithunzi za LED.

Momwe Mungayikitsire Mikanda ya Nyali ya LED

Mukayika mikanda ya nyali ya LED, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zoyenera. Mutha kudalira akatswiri kuti akhazikitse, koma ngati mungakonde kudzipangira nokha, nayi kalozera wosavuta:

1. Dziwani mtundu wa njira yopangira nyali ya LED yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Yang'anani mawaya anayi omwe ali mu nyali yamtundu wa chigamba.
3. Chongani madontho ofunikira pa mawaya (nthawi zambiri pa mita) ndikudula mosamala pamalo omwe alembedwapo (Mwinanso, mutha kupempha mikanda yoduliratu kwa wogulitsa musanapereke).
4. Yang'anani pulagi yoyika ndikuchotsa chophimba chapulasitiki papulagi.
5. Lumikizani kuwala koyesera, koma pewani kuphimba kapena kulumikiza mwachindunji pachivundikirocho.
6. Yambani kukhazikitsa koyenera poteteza socket.
7. Mosamala kwezani mkanda wa nyali ya SMD LED pogwiritsa ntchito pulagi ya mchira ndi kopanira.

Momwe Mungasankhire Mikanda Yoyenera ya Nyali ya LED

Kusankha mikanda yoyenera ya nyali ya LED kumaphatikizapo kuganizira zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zingakuwonetseni ngati mungakhutitsidwe ndi chisankho chanu kapena munganong'oneze bondo. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mutha kukhala ndi chiwonetsero cha LED chogwira ntchito komanso chapamwamba, nazi malangizo ofunikira:

• Samalani kwambiri zolumikizira za solder.
• Sankhani chip chokhazikika kuti mutsimikizire chinsalu chapamwamba cha LED.
• Onetsetsani kuti pamwamba pa ma LED ndi oyera, opanda madontho, ndi zonyansa zina.
• Yang'anani mtundu wa guluu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mikanda ya nyali powakakamiza pang'onopang'ono (guluu wotsika kwambiri angayambitse kusweka kapena kupindika).
• Ukadaulo wamapaketi umakhala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa mikanda yanu ya nyali ya LED ndi zowonetsera zomwe amapanga.
• Ingogulani zinthu kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odalirika komanso odalirika.

Mapeto
Kumvetsetsa mikanda ya nyali ya LED kungawoneke ngati kovuta, koma kudziwa zigawo za LED yanu kungakuthandizeni kusankha zowonetsera zapamwamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino zomwe zingatheke. Mikanda imeneyi imagwirizana kwambiri ndi ma LED, koma si ma diode okha. Ndiwo ma semiconductors omwe amawongolera chophimba chonse cha LED ndikupangitsa ma diode kutulutsa kuwala.

Ngati simukutsimikiza za kudumphira mozama mu mikanda ya nyali ya LED, ndizabwino kwambiri. Ingotsimikizirani kuti mumawamvetsetsa bwino, kotero ikafika nthawi yoti musankhe zowonetsera zanu za LED, mutha kuyesa zabwino ndi zovuta zawo moyenera.